Caleb T. Carr, Ph.D.

Professor of Communication

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December, 2024 International Journal of Communication

Dr. Alex Hinck and I are back at it! A bit ago, we put forward our theoretical model to understand and explain when and how individuals initially perceived others online either as individuals (i.e., interpersonally) or as members of a social category (i.e., intergroup). Now, in our first test of the dual-factor model, we find initial empirical support for some (but not all) of our initial propositions. Take a read to find out when college-aged people view an older adult on a social medium as themselves vs. just a "Boomer."

 

November, 2024 Journal of Communication Technology

Making sense out of a lot of information online can be challenging. How do we understand multiple open-text reviews on Amazon alongside an aggregated product rating? Dr. Cameron Piercy and I worked to understand this sensemaking in the context of employer reviews. Findings reveal perceptions of an employers credibility and relevance are derived from qualitative reviews on GlassDoor, whereas evaluations of the organization as an employer are informed by the aggregated quantitative metrics.

 

October, 2024 Communication Research Reports

Ethical research is important; but do the consent documents IRBs mandate work to provide informed consent as-intended? Not if participants don't take the time to read them. New research by two brilliant graduate students, Daria Parfenova and Alina Niftulaeva, looks at how long participants spend on consent forms. Answer: Not long enough to read them.
Open Access for all to read, thanks to Milner Library!

 

August, 2024 Communication Reports

What happens when our conversations with friends becomes a game? New work with the brilliant Dr. Sarah Rosaen looks at the relathsips we maintain via Snapchat, finding that those who treat Streaks (multiple consecutive days of exchanging at least one message) as a game tend to send more 'black snaps' (those devoid of content) as a means of gaming the Streak, and report slightly lower relational qualities. If you're looking to keep that relationship in good standing, perhaps send something more than a blank image.
Open Access for all to read, thanks to Milner Library!

 

 

 

 

Education

Ph.D., Telecommunication, Information Science & Media
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2011

M.A., Interpersonal Communication
Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 2005

B.S., Business Administration
Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 2002

 

Publications

Books

Carr, C. T. (2025). Computer-mediated communication: A theoretical and practical introduction to online human communication (2nd Ed.). Rowman & Littlefield.

Carr, C. T. (2025). Computer-mediated communication: A theoretical and practical introduction to online human communication (2nd Ed.) [Instructor's Resource Manual]. Rowman & Littlefield.

Carr, C. T. (2021). Computer-mediated communication: A theoretical and practical introduction to online human communication. Rowman & Littlefield.

Carr, C. T. (2021). Computer-mediated communication: A theoretical and practical introduction to online human communication [Instructor's Resource Manual]. Rowman & Littlefield.

Carr, C. T., & South, J. C. (2012). Media now: Understanding media, culture, and technology (7th ed.) [Instructor’s Resource Manual]. Boston, MA: Wadsworth.

 

Peer-Reviewed Articles

Niftulaeva, A., Lasisi, O., Elewosi, M., Edor, M., & Carr, C. T. (in press). Tempus fugit: Unraveling temporal occurrence and display order effects of online information on employer impressions. Media Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2024.2401526

Carr, C. T., & Rosaen, S. F. (2024). We’re going streaking!: Effects of gamification of mediated communication on interpersonal relational closeness. Communication Reports, 37(3), 185-199 doi: 10.1080/08934215.2024.2334743

Carr, C. T., Katreeb, M. C., & Godinez, E. P. (2024). Temporal impacts of problematic social media content on perceived employee hirability. Media Psychology, 27(1), 76-105. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2023.2222529

Geusens, F., Carr, C. T., & Beullens, K. (2024). Is it the drinks or the friends? An experimental study of identity shift as an alcohol-related social media self-effect. Journal of Media Psychology, 36(1), 58-68. doi: 10.1027/1864-1105/a000379

Hinck, A. S., & Carr, C. T. (2024). Ok, Boomer: Activating intergroup perceptions to facilitate intergenerational contact in social media. International Journal of Communication, 18, 5585-5606.

Parfenova, D., Niftulaeva, A., & Carr, C. T. (2024). Words, words, words: Participants do not read consent forms in communication research. Communication Research Reports, 41(4), 199-209. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2024.2379832

Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2024). Reading into reviews: Contrasting star-ratings and review aggregation in reviews of organizations. Journal of Communication Technology, 6(2), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.51548/joctec.6.2.2024.01

Carr, C. T., Hayes, R., A., & Piercy, C. W. (2023). Posts are my own”: Effects of social media disclaimers on perceptions of employees and their organizations from tweets and retweets. Corporate Communications, 28(5), 724-743. doi: 10.1108/CCIJ-06-2022-0058

Edor, M., Elewosi, M., Gomes, G., Parfenova, D., Rahman, R., Thomas, H.S., & Carr, C. T. (2023). Exploring the role of ventriloquism in warranting organizational perceptions: Sponsored content for dummies. Human Communication & Technology, 3(2),118-137. https://journals.ku.edu/hct/article/view/18719/19145

Lane, B. L., Cionea, I. A., Dunbar, N. E., & Carr, C. T. (2023) Antescedents and effects of online third-party information on online impressions: A test of warranting theory. Journal of Media Psychology, 35(3), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000360

Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2023). The structuration of identification on organizational members' social media. International Journal of Business Communication, 60(2), 464-486. doi: 10.1177/2329488420955215

Carr, C. T. (2022). Fear not, true believers: Exploring network structures among characters in the Marvel comic universe. Popular Culture Studies Journal, 10(1), 334-354.

Mason, A. D., & Carr, C. T. (2022). Toward a theoretical framework of relational maintenance in computer-mediated communication. Communication Theory, 32(2), 243-264. doi: 10.1093/ct/qtaa035

Carr, C. T. (2021). Identity shift effects of personalization of self-presentation on extraversion. Media Psychology, 24, 490-508. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2020.1753540

Carr, C. T., Kim, Y., Valov, J. J., Rosenbaum, J. E., Johnson, B. K., Hancock, J. T., & Gonzales, A. L. (2021). An explication of identity shift theory: Getting our shift together. Journal of Media Psychology, 33(4), 202-214. doi: 10.1027/1864-1105/a000314

Carr, C. T., & Piercy, C. W. (2021). Linguistic cues to misrepresentation in online employer reviews. Communication Reports, 34, 179-191. doi: 10.1080/08934215.2021.1973053

Hayes, R. A., & Carr, C. T. (2021). Getting called out: Effects of feedback to social media corporate responsibility statements. Public Relations Review, 47. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101962

Hinck, A. S., & Carr, C. T. (2021). Advancing a dual-factor model to explain interpersonal versus intergroup communication in social media. Communication Theory, 31, 798-820. doi: 10.1093/ct/qtaa012

Banks, J., & Carr, C. T. (2020). Experiences of social demand in a simulated gaming environment. Qualitative Research Reports in Communication, 20, 27-34. doi: 10.1080/17459435.2019.1592213

Carr, C. T. (2020a). CMC is dead, long live CMC!: Situating computer-mediated communication scholarship beyond the digital age. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 25, 9-22. doi: 10.1093/jcmc/zmz018

Carr, C. T. (2020b). The delocalization of the local election. Social Media + Society, 6(2). doi: 10.1177/2056305120924772

Hayes, R. A., & Carr, C. T. (2020). Snark happens: The effects of schadenfreude on brand attitudes. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 41, 243-256. doi: 10.1080/10641734.2020.1738290

Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2020). Employer reviews may say as much about the employee as they do the employer: Online disclosures, organizational attachments, and unethical behavior. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 48, 577-597. doi: 10.1080/00909882.2020.1812692

Sumner, E. M., Hayes, R. A., Carr, C. T., & Wohn, D. Y. (2020). Assessing the cognitive and communicative properties of Facebook reaction and likes as lightweight feedback cues. First Monday, 25(2-3). doi: 10.5210/fm.v25i2.9621

Banks, J., & Carr, C. T. (2019). Toward a relational matrix model of avatar-mediated interactions. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8, 287-295. doi: 10.1037/ppm0000180

Carr, C. T. (2019). Have you heard? Testing the warranting value of third-party employer reviews. Communication Research Reports, 36, 371-382. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2019.1683529

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2019). Identity shift effects of self-presentation and confirmatory & disconfirmatory feedback on self-perceptions of brand identification. Media Psychology, 22, 418-444. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2017.1396228

Harvey-Northrup, J., Beck, A., & Carr, C. T. (2019). A cognitive social media training program & intergenerational learning: A pilot study with older adults and speech-language pathology graduate students. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 4, 683-695. doi: 10.1044/2019_PERS-SIG15-2018-0004

Carr, C. T., Hayes, R. A., & Sumner, E. (2018). Predicting a threshold of perceived Facebook post success via Likes & Reactions: A test of explanatory mechanisms. Communication Research Reports, 35, 141-151. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2017.1409618

Hayes, R. A., Wesselmann, E. D., & Carr, C. T. (2018). When nobody “Likes” you: Perceived ostracism through paralinguistic digital affordances within social media. Social Media + Society, 4(3). doi: 10.1177/205630511880030

O'Sullivan, P. B., & Carr, C. T. (2018). Masspersonal communication: A model bridging the mass-interpersonal divide. New Media & Society, 20, 1161-1180. doi: 10.1177/1461444816686104

Carr, C. T. (2017). A social identification approach to the effects of religious disclosures in business communication. The Journal of Social Psychology, 157, 571-587. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2016.1248810

Carr, C. T., Hall, R. D., Mason, A. J., & Varney, E. J. (2017). Cueing employability in the gig economy: Effects of task-relevant and task-irrelevant information on Fiverr. Management Communication Quarterly, 31, 409-428. doi: 10.1177/0893318916687397

Carr, C. T., & Foreman, A. C. (2016). Identity shift III: Effects of publicness of feedback and relational closeness in computer-mediated communication. Media Psychology, 19, 334-358. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2015.1049276.

Carr, C. T., Wohn, D. Y., & Hayes, R. A. (2016). 👍 as social support: Relational closeness, automaticitiy, and interpreting social support from paralinguistic digital affordances in social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 385-393. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.087.

Hayes, R. A., Carr, C. T., & Wohn, D. Y. (2016a). One click, many meanings: Interpreting paralinguistic digital affordances in social media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 60, 171-187. doi: 10.1080/08838151.2015.1127248

Hayes, R. A., Carr, C. T., & Wohn, D. Y. (2016b). It's the audience: Differences in social support across social media. Social Media and Society, 2(4). doi: 10.1177/2056305116678894

Lane, B. L., Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2016). Making it Facebook official: The warranting value of online relationship status disclosures on relational closeness. Computers in Human Behavior, 56, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.0166.

Wohn, D. Y., Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2016). How affective is a “Like?” The effect of paralinguistic digital affordances on perceived social support. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 9, 562-566. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2016.0162

Carr, C. T. (2015). Spotlight on ethics: Institutional Review Boards as systemic bullies. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 37, 14-29. doi: 10.1080/1360080X.2014.991530

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2015). Social media: Defining, developing, and divining. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23, 46-62. doi: 10.1080/15456870.2015.972282

Carr, C. T., & Zube, P. (2015). Network autocorrelation of task performance via informal communication within a virtual world. Journal of Media Psychology, 27, 33-44. doi: 10.1027/1864-1105/a000129

Hayes, R. A., & Carr, C. T. (2015). Does being social matter?: Effects of enabled comments on credibility and brand attitudes in social media. Journal of Promotion Management, 21, 371-390. doi: 10.1080/10496491.2015.1039178

Hayes, R. A., Smock, A., & Carr, C. T. (2015). Face[book] management: Self-presentation of political views on social media. Communication Studies, 66, 549-568. doi: 10.1080/10510974.2015.1018447

Carr, C. T. (2014). Applying a model of communicative influence in closed online and offline courses. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 18, 115-129.

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. (2014). The effect of disclosure of third-party influence on an opinion leader’s credibility and electronic word-of-mouth in two-step flow. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 14, 38-50 . doi: 10.1080/15252019.2014.909296

Carr, C. T., & Walther, J. B. (2014). Increasing attributional certainty via social media: Learning about others one bit at a time. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19, 922-937. doi: 10.1111/jcc4.12072

Rozzell, B., Piercy, C., Carr, C. T., King, S., Lane, B., Tornes, M., Johnson, A. J., & Wright, K. B. (2014). Notification pending: Online social support from close and nonclose relational ties via Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 38, 272-280. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.06.006

Carr, C. T., Vitak, J., & McLaughlin, C. (2013). Strength of social cues in online impression formation: Expanding SIDE research. Communication Research, 40, 261-281. doi: 10.1177/0093650211430687

Carr, C. T., Zube, P., Dickens, E., Hayter, C. A., & Barterian, J. A. (2013). Toward a model of sources of influence in online education: Cognitive learning and the effects of Web 2.0. Communication Education, 62, 61-85. doi: 10.1080/03634523.2012.724535

Carr, C. T., & Stefaniak, C. (2012). Sent from my iPhone: The medium and message as signals of sender professionalism in mobile telephony. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 40, 403-424. doi: 10.1080/00909882.2012.712707

Carr, C. T., Schrock, D. B., & Dauterman, P. R. (2012). Speech acts within social network sites' status messages. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 31, 176-196. doi: 10.1177/0261927X12438535

Vitak, J., Zube, P., Smock, A., Carr, C. T., Ellison, N., & Lampe, C. (2011). It’s complicated: Facebook users’ political participation in the 2008 election. Journal of CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 107-114. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2009.0226

Walther, J. B., Liang, Y. J., DeAndrea, D. C., Tong, S. T., Carr, C. T., Spottswood, E. L., Amchai-Hamburger, Y. (2011). The effect of feedback on identity shift in computer-mediated communication. Media Psychology, 14, 1-26. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2010.547832

Walther, J. B., Van Der Heide, B., Tong, S. T., Carr, C. T., Atkin, C. K. (2010). The effect of interpersonal goals on inadvertent intrapersonal influence in computer-mediated communication. Human Communication Research, 36, 323-347. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2010.01378.x


Book Chapters & Sections


Carr, C. T. (2017). Social media in intergroup communication. In H. Giles & J. Harwood (eds.), The Oxford encyclopedia of intergroup communication. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.460

Carr, C. T. (2017). Warcraft. In R. Mejia, J. Banks, & A. Adams (eds.), 100 greatest video game franchises (pp. 196-197). Lanham, MD: Roman & Littlefield Education.

Carr, C. T. (2017). Samus Aran: The Chozo's chosen. In R. Mejia, J. Banks, & A. Adams (eds.), 100 greatest video game characters (pp. 165-166). Lanham, MD: Roman & Littlefield Education.

Carr, C. T. (2016). An uncertainty reduction approach to applicant information-seeking in social media: Effects on attributions and hiring. In R. N. Landers & G. B. Schmidt (eds.), Using social media in employee selection: Theory, practice, and future research (pp. 59-78). New York, NY: Springer.

Carr, C. T., Hayes, R. A., Smock, A., & Zube, P. (2016). Facebook in presidential elections: Status of effects. In G. W. Richardson (ed.) Social media and politics: A new way to participate in the political process (pp. 41-70). Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.

Carr, C. T., Varney, E. J., & Blesse, J. R. (2016). Social media and intergroup communication: Collapsing and expanding group contexts. In H. Giles & A. Maass (eds.), Advances in and prospects for intergroup communication (pp. 155-173). New York, NY: Peter Lang.

Walther, J. B., Tong, S. T., DeAndrea, D., Carr, C. T., & Van Der Heide, B. (2011). A juxtaposition of social influences: Web 2.0 and the interaction of mass, interpersonal, and peer sources online. In Z. Birchmeier, B. Dietz-Uhler, & G. Stasser (Eds.), Strategic uses of social technology: An interactive perspective of social psychology (pp. 172-194). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Walther, J. B., & Carr, C. T. (2010). Internet interaction and intergroup dynamics: Problems and solutions in computer-mediated communication. In H. Giles, S. Reid, & J. Harwood (Eds.). The dynamics of intergroup communication (pp. 209-220). New York, NY: Peter Lang.

Walther, J. B., Carr, C. T., Choi, S., DeAndrea, D., Kim, J., Tong, S., & Van Der Heide, B. (2010). Interaction of interpersonal, peer, and media influence sources online: A research agenda for technology convergence. In Z. Papacharissi (Ed.), The networked self: Identity, community, and culture on social network sites (pp. 17-38). New York, NY: Routledge.

 

 

Conference Presentations

Parfenova, D., Niftulaeva, A., & Carr, C. T. (2024, November). Words, words, words: Participants do not read consent forms in communication research. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, New Orleans, LA.

Carr, C. T., & Rosaen, S. F. (2023, November). We’re going streaking!: Effects of gamification of mediated communication on interpersonal relational maintenance. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, National Harbor, MD.

Hinck, A. S., & Carr, C. T. (2023, November). Ok, Boomer: Activating intergroup perceptions to facilitate intergenerational contact in social media. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, National Harbor, MD.

Carr, C. T. (2023, September) The role of suspicion in warranting offline characteristics from online claims. Paper presented at the Conference for Media Psychology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.

Carr, C. T., Katreeb., M. C., & Godinez, E. P. (2022, May). Temporal impacts of social media faux pas on perceived employee hirability. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Paris, France.

Harvey, J. & Carr, C. T. (2021, November). #GoldenTweets: Impact of social media training on cognitive-communication for adults, In-person versus telepractice. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Washington, D.C.

Geusens, F., Carr, C. T., & Beullens, K. (2021, October). Identity shift and alcohol-related social media self-effect: An experiment. Paper presented at the Conference for Media Psychology, Aachen, Germany. Award for Best Pre-Registered Report.

Carr, C. T., Piercy, C. W., & Hayes, R. A. (2021, May). Posts are my own": Effects of disclaimers on the attributions of posters and their organizations from tweets and retweets. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Denver, CO (convention held online due to COVID-19).

Hampton, N. D., Valov, J. J., Toutia, H., Engstrom, S. K., Mason, E. J., Le, H., Green, A. M., Crumbaugh, A., & Carr, C. T. (2020, November). Network diversity and trait desirability have no effect on identity shift: We R who we R. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Indianapolis, IN (convention held online due to COVID-19).

Harvey, J., & Carr, C. T. (2020, November). #GoldenTweets: Student training in intergroup technology for social media communication in adults. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, San Diego, CA. (convention cancelled due to COVID-19).

Carr, C. T. (2020, May). Effects of communication contingency on relational outcomes in ephemeral computer-mediated communication. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia (convention held online due to COVID-19).

Carr, C. T., & Cumming, E. (2019, November). Identity shift effects of personalization of presentation on extraversion. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Baltimore, MD. Top five paper in the Human & Communication Technology division (HCTD).

Carr, C. T., & Piercy, C. W. (2019, November). Predicting misrepresentation in online employer reviews from linguistic cues. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Baltimore, MD.

Hayes, R. A., & Carr, C. T. (2019, November). Getting called out: Effects of feedback to social media corporate social responsibility statements. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Baltimore, MD.

Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2019, November). Does this review make my organization look good? Competing organizational attachments, unethical behavior, and organizational reviews. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Baltimore, MD.

Carr, C. T. (2019, May). Identity shift effects of selective self-presentation on self-perception and subsequent behaviors. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Washington, D.C.

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2019, May). Exploring the relative influences of warranting, metawarranting, and meta-metawarranting cues: Down the rabbit hole. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Washington, D.C.

Hinck, A. S., & Carr, C. T. (2019, May). Advancing a dual-process model to predict interpersonal versus intergroup communication in social media. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Washington, D.C.

Piercy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2019, May). Why do employees (not) share their organizational affiliation online? Organizational members’ social media identity management. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Washington, D.C.

Harvey, J., & Carr, C. T. (2018, November). #GoldenTweets, a social media training program: Design & implementation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Boston, MA.

Carr, C. T. (2018, November). Have you heard? Testing the warranting value of third-party employer reviews in Facebook and LinkedIn. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Salt Lake City, UT.

Carr, C. T. (2018, November). Situating “computer-mediated communication” scholarship in the Digital Era. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Salt Lake City, UT.

Percy, C. W., & Carr, C. T. (2018, November). Reading into reviews: Evaluations of the effects of incommensurate review information. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association Conference, Salt Lake City, UT.

Carr, C. T. (2018, May). Integrating social media into employee selection: What we know and where we can go. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Prague, Czech Republic.

Pearce, K. E., Carr, C. T., Vitak, J., & Hayes, R. A. (2018, May). Conceptualizing socially mediated visibility. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Prague, Czech Republic.

Carr, C. T. (2017, November). Online social support via nonverbal cues. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Dallas, TX.

Carr, C. T., Hayes, R. A., & Sumner, E. (2017, November). Predicting a threshold of perceived Facebook post success via paralinguistic digital affordances: A 'Friend'ly comparison. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Dallas, TX.

Hayes, R. A., Carr, C. T., Sumner, E., & Wohn, D. Y. (2017, November). Beyond liking: Assessing Facebook's reactions as a feedback cue. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Dallas, TX.

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2017, May). Identity shift effects of self-presentation and confirmatory & disconfirmatory feedback on self-perceptions of brand identification. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, San Diego, CA.

Hayes, R. A., Carr, C. T., & Wesselman, E. (2017, May). “Why didn't you Like that?”: Perceived social media ostracism through paralinguistic digital affordances.  Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, San Diego, CA.

Carr, C. T., & Banks, J. (2017, April). Exploring the agency and complexities of avatar-mediated interactions via the PaaP model. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Broadcast Education Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Banks, J., & Carr, C. T. (2017, April). Exploring the phenomenology of zero-history specific social demand in a multiplayer environment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Broadcast Education Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Harvey, J., Carr, C. T., & Guibault, C. (2016, November). Effects of a social media training program on cognition & self-efficacy in normally aging individuals. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Wohn, D. Y., Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2016, November). How affective is a ‘Like’?: The effect of paralinguistic digital affordances on perceived social support. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Carr, C. T., Hall, R. D., Mason, A. J., & Varney, E. J. (2016, June). Cueing perceptions of employability from self- and other-generated information in Fiverr. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Fukuoka, Japan.

Carr, C. T., Haupt, A., Krämer, N. (2016, June). Reconsidering the relationship between relational closeness and dimensions of social support: A multinational Facebook study. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Fukuoka, Japan.

Carr, C. T., Wohn, D. Y., & Hayes, R. A. (2016, June). Social media, relational closeness, and interpreting social support from paralinguistic digital affordances. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Fukuoka, Japan.

Hayes, R. A., Wohn, D. Y., & Carr, C. T. (2016, June). It's the audience, stupid: Differences in social support between social media sites. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Fukuoka, Japan.

Carr, C. T., Baldwin, J. R., Lippert, L. R., & Hunt, S. K. (2015, November). A "Chilling Effect": Analysis of the effects of Institutional Review Board (IRB) communication on faculty morale. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Carr, C. T., Varney, E., & Blesse, J. (2015, November). Intergroup communication in social media: Rethinking social identity and intergroup and intragroup interactions online. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Carr, C. T., Hayes, R. A., & Rothblum, A. (2015, September). Using leadership linguistics in a masspersonal medium to predict team performance: NFL captains' tweets during the 2012 season. Paper presented at the Conference for Media Psychology, Tübingen, Germany.

Hayes, R. A., & Carr, C. T. (2015, September). Your brand is bad and you should feel bad: Schadenfreude and brands in social media. Paper presented at the Conference for Media Psychology, Tübingen, Germany.

Carr, C. T. (2015, May). Effects of professionals' religious disclosures on social and task attraction. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, San Juan, PR.

Carr, C. T., & Foreman, A. C. (2015, May). Identity Shift III: Effects of publicness of feedback and relational closeness in computer-mediated communication. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, San Juan, PR.

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2015, May). D) All of the above: Reinvigorating masspersonal communication within the discipline. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, San Juan, PR.

Hayes, R. A., Carr, C. T., & Wohn, D. Y. (2015, May). One click, many meanings: Interpreting paralinguistic digital affordances in social media. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, San Juan, PR.

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2014, November). Social media: Defining, developing, and divining. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.

Hayes, R. A., Smock, A., & Carr, C. T. (2014, November). Face[book] management: Self-presentation of political views on social media. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.

Carr, C. T. (2014, May). Applying a model of communicative influence in education in closed online and offline courses. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Seattle, WA. Top Paper in the Instructional & Developmental Communication Division.

Carr, C. T. (2014, May). Negative hyperpersonal intensification effects of religiosity in e-mail signature blocks. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Seattle, WA.

Hopper, K. M., Carr, C. T., Hayes, R. A., & Baiocchi-Wagner, E. (2014, May). “Friendly” alternatives: The effect of maintaining Facebook connections with exes on romantic relational investment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Seattle, WA.

Carr, C. T., Hayes, R. A., Smock, A., & Zube, P. (2013, November). It's getting more complicated: Facebook users' political participation in the 2012 election. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Washington, D. C.

Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2013, June). The effect of disclosure of third-party influence on an opinion leader’s credibility and influence in two-step flow: Public relations via social media. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, London, England.

Hayes, R. A., & Carr, C. T. (2013, June). Does being social matter? The relationship between enabled comments and purchase intention in blogs. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, London, England.

Johnson, A. J., Lane, B., Tornes, M., King, S., Wright, K. B., Carr, C. T., Piercy, C., & Rozzell, B. (2013, June). The social support process and Facebook: Soliciting support from strong and weak ties. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, London, England.

Piercy, C., Lane, B., & Carr, C. T. (2013, June). The warranting value of online relationship status disclosure: And indicator of real world relational characteristics. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, London, England. Top Two Paper in the Communication and Technology division.

Rozzell, B., Piercy, C., Carr, C. T., King, S., Lane, B., Tornes, M., Johnson, A. J., Wright, J. B. (2013, June). The weakness of strong ties: Online social support from networks via social network sites. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, London, England.

Carr, C. T., Zube, P., Dickens, E., Hayter, C. A., & Barterian, J. A. (2012, November). Toward a model of sources of influence in online education: Cognitive learning and the effects of Web 2.0. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Orlando, FL.

Carr, C. T., & Walther, J. B. (2012, May). Learning about prospective employees one bit at a time: Increasing attributional certainty via social media. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Carr, C. T., & Stefaniak, C. (2011, November). Sent from my iPhone: The medium and message as signals of sender professionalism in mobile telephony. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, New Orleans, LA.

Carr, C. T. (2011, May). Assessment of person-job and person-organization fit using online information. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Boston, MA.

Carr, C. T., & Van Der Heide, B. (2010, November). Communication technologies facilitating social and task dynamics in online groups. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, San Francisco, CA.

Carr, C. T., & Zube, P. (2010, November). Social networks in online task groups. Paper presented at the annual meeting the National Communication Association, San Francisco, CA. Top Student Paper in the Group Communication division.

Walther, J. B., Liang, Y., DeAndrea, D. C., Tong, S., Carr, C. T., Spottswood, E. L., & Amichai-Hamburger, Y. (2010, November). The effect of feedback on identity shift in computer-mediated communication. Paper presented at the annual meeting the National Communication Association, San Francisco, CA.

Carr, C. T. (2010, June). The diametrics and modality of SIDE: A review and extension. Paper presented at the annual meeting the International Communication Association, Singapore.

Carr, C. T. (2010, June). A model of antecedents to extractive information seeking strategies within the hiring process. Paper presented at the annual meeting the International Communication Association, Singapore. Top Three Student Paper in the Organizational Communication division.

Carr, C. T., Klautke, H. A., Miller, V. D., Walther, J. B. (2010). Employers’ use of the Internet and new communication technologies to evaluate job applicants: A theoretical agenda. Paper presented at the annual meeting the International Communication Association, Singapore.

Carr, C. T., McLaughlin, C., & Vitak, J. (2009, November). Online impression formation and group affiliation. Paper presented at the annual meeting the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL. Top Four Student Paper in the Human Communication & Technology division.

Van Der Heide, B., Tong, S. T., Carr, C. T., Walther, J. B. (2009, November). The effects of interpersonal goals on inadvertent interpersonal influence in computer-mediated communication. Paper presented at the annual meeting the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.

Carr, C. T., & Van Der Heide, B. (2009, September). Communication technologies facilitating social and task dynamics: Examining intra-group relational satisfaction in World of Warcraft. Paper presented at the Conference for Media Psychology, Duisburg, Germany.

Carr, C. T., Schrock, D. B., & Dauterman, P. R. (2009, May). Speech acts within social networking sites' status messages. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association Conference, Chicago, IL.

Vitak, J., Smock, A., Zube, P., Carr, C., Lampe, C., & Ellison, N. (2009, May). "Poking" People to participate: Facebook and political participation in the 2008 election. Paper presented at the annual meeting the International Communication Association, Chicago, IL.

Carr, C. T. (2008, May). Social influence on an organization’s successful adoption of instant messaging. Paper presented at the annual meeting the International Communication Association; Montreal, Canada.

Carr, C., Choi, S., DeAndrea, D., Kim, J., Tong, S., Van Der Heide, B., & Walther, J. (2008, May). Interaction of interpersonal, peer, and media influence sources online. Paper presented at the annual meeting the International Communication Association; Montreal, Canada.

Carr, C. (2005, April). Amenities in residence halls and students’ interpersonal communication abilities: At the heart of residential living and learning. Paper presented at the annual meeting the Central States Communication Association, Kansas City, MO.

 

Teaching & Appointments

Illinois State University, Normal, IL 2012 - Present
Professor (2021 - Present)
Associate Professor (2016 - 2021)
Assistant Professor
(2012 - 2016)
COM227: Organizational and Professional Speaking
COM229: Foundations of Organizational Communication
COM229: Foundations of Organizational Communication (Online format)
COM297: Communication Research Methods
COM318: Social Dynamics of Communication Technologies
COM418: Foundations of Mediated Communication
COM495: Seminar in Organizational Communication
COM497: Introduction to Research Methods

University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 2011 - 2012
Assistant Professor
COMM3263: Organizational Communication
COMM3653 : Computer-Mediated Communication
COMM5363 : Communication and Technology

Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 2007 - 2011
Instructor
TC100: The Information Society
TC200: History and Economics of Telecommunication
Teaching Assistant
TC100: The Information Society
TC201: Intro to Telecommunication Technology
TC356: Media Marketing
TC456: Multichannel Telecommunication

Baker College Online, Flint, MI 2007 - 2011
Instructor
SPK201: Oral Communication
SPK211: Group Dynamics
SPK401: Presentational Speaking

Davenport University, Alma, MI 2004 - 2007
Instructor
COMM120: Presentation Techniques
COMM311: Organizational Communication
MGMT225: International Business

Mid-Michigan Community College, Mount Pleasant, MI 2004
Instructor
SPE101: Fundamentals of Communication

Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 2001, 2003 - 2004
Instructor
SDA101: Introduction to Communication
IPC495A: Communication Facilitation
Undergraduate Teaching Assistant
SDA101: Introduction to Communication

Updated 14 November, 2024

 
 
 
 
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